Need to Know
Geometry
The angle facts and theorems you must have ready.
How to use this: say each rule in your head, then tap Show me to check.
Angle facts
2 rulesRule 01
On a line & crossing lines
Straight line: angles add to 180°. Vertically opposite angles are equal.
Rule 02
Parallel lines
Corresponding (F) equal · alternate (Z) equal · co-interior (C) add to 180°.
Triangles
2 rulesRule 03
Angle rules
Angles add to 180°. Exterior angle = sum of the two interior opposite angles.
Rule 04
Special triangles
Isosceles: equal sides ⇒ equal base angles. Equilateral: all 60°.
Congruent triangles
1 ruleRule 05
The four tests
- SSS — three sides.
- SAS — two sides + angle between.
- ASA — two angles + side between.
- RHS — right angle, hypotenuse, one side.
Parallelograms
1 ruleRule 06
Properties
Opposite sides and angles equal; diagonals bisect each other; area = base × height.
Circle theorems
1 ruleRule 07
The big ones
- Centre angle = 2 × circumference angle (same arc).
- Angle in a semicircle = 90°.
- Cyclic quad: opposite angles add to 180°.
- Tangent ⊥ radius.
Mathslive.ie · Geometry · Need to Know